PRECISION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENHANCING CROP YIELD AND RESOURCE EFFICIENCY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

The increasing global demand for food, coupled with limited natural resources and climate variability, has created significant challenges for modern agriculture. Precision agriculture has emerged as an innovative approach that utilizes advanced technologies to improve crop productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. Precision agriculture involves the use of Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, drones, sensors, and data analytics to optimize farm management practices. This review examines the principles, technologies, applications, benefits, and challenges of precision agriculture. The findings suggest that precision farming can enhance crop yields, improve resource-use efficiency, reduce production costs, and contribute to sustainable agricultural development. Despite challenges related to cost and technical expertise, precision agriculture represents a promising pathway toward future food security and environmental sustainability.