PRECISION AGRICULTURE AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION: A REVIEW OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS

The increasing demand for food, declining natural resources, climate variability, and environmental concerns have accelerated the adoption of advanced technologies in agriculture. Precision Agriculture (PA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as transformative approaches for improving agricultural productivity, resource efficiency, and sustainability. Precision agriculture enables site-specific management of crops using advanced sensing and monitoring technologies, while AI facilitates data-driven decision-making through machine learning, computer vision, and predictive analytics. This review examines the principles of precision agriculture, the role of artificial intelligence in crop production, major technological advancements, benefits, limitations, and future prospects. The review highlights the potential of integrating AI-driven solutions with precision farming systems to enhance food security and environmental sustainability.