IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: A GLOBAL REVIEW

Climate change has emerged as one of the most significant challenges affecting global agricultural productivity and sustainability. Rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and changing pest and disease dynamics threaten food security worldwide. Agriculture is highly dependent on climatic conditions, making it particularly vulnerable to environmental changes. This review examines the impacts of climate change on agricultural systems, evaluates adaptation and mitigation strategies, and highlights emerging technologies that can enhance resilience in farming systems. The review synthesizes findings from recent studies conducted across different agroecological regions and discusses policy implications for sustainable agricultural development. The evidence indicates that while climate change presents substantial risks, integrated approaches involving climate-smart agriculture, improved crop varieties, efficient water management, and supportive policies can reduce vulnerabilities and improve long-term sustainability.